Examples:

Pawn for a Higher-Value Piece:

• Trading a pawn for a knight, bishop, rook, or queen. This typically happens during pawn promotions.

Knight for a Rook:

• Exchanging a knight (3 points) for an opponent’s rook (5 points) results in a 2-point material gain.

Bishop for a Rook:

• Trading a bishop (3 points) for a rook (5 points) gives you a material advantage of 2 points.

Rook for a Queen:

• Exchanging a rook (5 points) for a queen (9 points) results in a 4-point material gain.

Knight or Bishop for Queen:

• Trading a knight or bishop (3 points) for a queen (9 points), resulting in a 6-point material gain.